老师会对课本中的主要教学内容整理到教案课件中，所以老师写教案可不能随便对待。教案是评估学生学习效果的有效依据，好的教案课件是怎么写成的？我们听了一场关于“高一的课件”的演讲让我们思考了很多，经过阅读本页你的认识会更加全面！
高一的课件【篇1】
教学目标
1. 了解传统文化、文化传统等概念的含义；
2. 学会写内容提要；
3. 学习关系性议论文的写法以及正反议论、比喻论证、类比论证等说理方法的运用。
教学重、难点
如何运用正反议论、比喻论证、类比论证等说理方法写作
教学内容和过程
一、 解题：
学生谈对“传统文化”和“文化传统”的理解，教师进行点拨。
二、 作者简介：
庞朴，生于1928年，江苏淮安，汉族，现代学者。
《沉思集》
《集--中国文化与哲学论集》
三、 总体结构：
总--分--总 最典型的关系性
传 文 议论文
（传统）统 化（两重性）
文 传
化 统
四、 学习课文第1-3自然段：
1. 第1自然段--讨论
（1）“一个多世纪”从何时开始？
战争以来
（2）“社会实验”指什么？
救国图存运动：洋务运动、变法维新、资产阶级民主革命、
（仁人志士） 新民主主义革命直至社会主义革命
（3）“彻底决裂”“彻底砸烂”“在白纸上描绘未来”
（五四时期对于传统否定过多，一直延续到60-70年代）
-→强调不可利用“过去”（“传统”），构筑“未来”
2. 第2自然段--讨论
传统是什么？（强调“形成”“作用”）
3. 第3自然段--讨论
“传统”与“文化”是什么关系？
提出“……”差别。（比喻）
-→全文总起，阐述什么是传统。
引出问题：由近及远，由浅入深，由俚俗进入学术层面。
五、 学习“传统文化”：
1. 第4自然段--讨论
对“传统文化”概念进行界定。
（什么是文化传统？）
全称、落脚、对应（时空界定）、内容、成分（例如）
2. 第5自然段--讨论
“传统文化”的特征是什么？
时代性、民族性
3. 第6-7自然段--讨论
（1）“传统文化”发展过程中出现哪几种情况？
“或者……或者……”“有的……有的……”
（2）各人对传统 文化进行分析批判，可以做那些工作？
“明辨……遗响”
-→理解图片（p65）
六、 学习“文化传统”：
1. 第8-9自然段--讨论
对“文化传统”概念进行界定。
（什么是文化传统？）
全称、落脚、特征（比较）、产生、成长、形成、实质
2. 第10自然段--讨论
（1）什么不能成为“民族的共同心理”？
“在这种生活里……思想”
（2）什么能成为“文化传统”？
“为这一民族生活……物质力量”
3. 第11自然段--讨论
“文化传统”有什么作用？
为什么说它是“惰性力量”？
“制约看……关怀” “一种……象征” “没有……巩固”
4. 第12-13自然段--讨论
（1）“文化传统”变化的特点是：
缓慢的、渐进的、非一蹴而就的
“文化传统”受外界影响是如何进行的？
接触--交流--变化
（3）外来文化中如何才能成为传统中的'一个部分？
“经过自己文化传统……整合”
七、 学习“财富和包袱”
1. 作者称“财富”“包袱”是如何而言的？
“从头开始……生存本领”
“具有……层面”
2. 我们说如何辨证地了解和掌握两重属性？
“运用它……千里之外”
3. 现实中存在哪几种简单化的理解？
“一种人……财富”
八、 小结
本文既是学术性议论文（文体角度），又是关系性议论文（表达方式）。作者在保持学术研究严肃性的前提之下追求文采，表述通俗，使文章既具有议论文的辨证性的同时又饶有风趣。
高一的课件【篇2】
三维目标
知识与技能
1．感知体会文中浓浓的思乡情。
2．理解本文富有哲理的语言。
过程与方法
3．自主阅读，了解作者的情感，体会文中流露出来的浓浓的思乡情。
4．生能在阅读中发现思考探究问题，展开多方对话，表达阅读感受。
情感态度与价值观
理解家园之思的文化内涵。
教学重点
结合自身的情感体验，培养自主鉴赏散文的能力。
教学难点
揣摩作者饱含感情、富有哲理的语言。
教学课时：一课时
教学过程：
一、导入
同学们，我们一起用心倾听一首思乡的歌曲。【播放满文军的《望乡》】
几度芳草绿几度霜叶红，他乡山也绿他乡水也清。身在他乡的游子依然忍不住回头把故乡眺望。思乡是一曲永恒的歌谣，尽管忧伤，却不改灿烂。尤其是身在异乡他国，这种思念更是刻骨铭心，销魂蚀骨。著名作家韩少功，向我们展示了他的切身之感。
出示学习目标：1、体会作者刻骨铭心的家园之思2、揣摩作者饱含感情，富有哲理的语言。【学习目标】
二、研习文章【回到课题】
1、本文题目叫《我心归去》，作者的心去了哪里？（故乡）
作者写此文时身处何地？（法国；异乡）
法国生活条件不好妈？（雅静奢华）身在法国的心情如何？（冷清，空虚，发疯）如何渲染的？（运用反复的修辞手法，）
他思念的故乡是什么样的？（贫瘠脏乱）
对家乡又是什么心情？（亲切，激动，幸福）
（学生可以自由回答）【板书课文内容，对比】
2、什么力量让他对故乡魂牵梦绕？
学生可以据此再次阅读文章，找出并总结文中重要的句子
参考答案：
故乡让人感到亲切、温馨和激动（场景描写）；
故乡是我们生命的一部分，
有亲人、过去；
有你的血、泪和汗水，
故乡的美中含悲，
故乡意味着我们的付出。【板书课文内容】
3、问题研讨：（每组一题）
①如何理解“故乡有你的血、泪，还有汗水，故乡的美丽总是悲伤的”？
(有曾经的苦难，挫折，拼搏。不是每个人都在故乡留下血、泪，还有汗水的)
高一的课件【篇3】
(Senior 1B)
Part 1 阶段目标卡 Topic : Festivals
I 认知目标（ Knowledge）
1. Can remember the following words and expressions (by pronunciation, spelling and writing):
theme, parade, holy, Easter, symbol, fighting, conflict, argument, opinion, destruction, major, probably, honour /honor(Am.E), ancestor, principle, nation, purpose, creativity, faith, commercial, joy, light (v.), similar, generation, salute, kiss, cheek, nod, celebration, respect, gift, cycle, fool, invitation, self-determination, reminder
dress up, in one’s opinion, play a trick on /play tricks on, take in, in common
2. Can use the following structures in different situations:
1) Useful expressions in the text
in my opinion, play a trick on /play tricks on, take in, in common, have something/nothing in common with …,as well as, get together.
2) Expressions on expressing and supporting an opinion
In my opinion, we should… I believe we should…
I don’t think it is necessary to… We must decide…
I hope we can make a decision. If we do this, we can…
3) Modal verbs (2): must, have to, have got to.
3. Can be familiar with the following world festivals and talk about them:
Chinese festivals: the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival (Yuanxiao), Tomb Sweeping Festival (Qingming), Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu), Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival (Chongyang), National Day, New Year’s Day, Chinese Youth Day, Party’s Day, Army’s Day, Teachers’ Day, Tree-planting Day…
Foreign festivals: Christmas, Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, Easter, Valentine’s Day, April Fool’s Day, Ramadan, Day of the Dead (from Mexico), Bon Odori Festival/ Ghost Festival (from Japan) (盂兰盆节), Mardi Gras, Kwanzaa…
4. Can read the reading materials correctly, including pronunciation, intonation, pause and fluency. And recite five to eight beautiful or important sentences.
5. Can understand the teaching material well, and retell the text and have a discussion according to the text after class.
6. Can get further information about festivals through classes, magazines, newspapers, related books, Internet and so on.
II 情感目标 ( Affect )
1. To get Ss to enjoy festivals and customs from different countries, and enlighten Ss to enjoy the beauty and the importance of festivals and customs.
2. To encourage Ss to show positive and healthy attitude towards festivals and customs from different countries.
3. To get Ss to know how to hold effective and successful festivals.
4. To get Ss to further understand the differences between Chinese and foreign cultures by comparing Chinese and foreign festivals and customs.
III 技能目标 ( Skills )
1. To train Ss’ four skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) in different periods.
2. To make Ss’ know how to write an invitation in English.
3. To help Ss to develop the ability of learning English through different ways, such as reading newspapers, magazines and books, surf the Internet, etc.
Part 2 Pre-unit Activities: Preview Task
1. Find information about the following festivals as much as possible through newspapers, magazines, related books and Internet.
Chinese festivals: the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival (Yuanxiao), Tomb Sweeping Festival (Qingming), Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu), Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival (Chongyang), National Day, New Year’s Day, Chinese Youth Day, Party’s Day, Army’s Day, Teachers’ Day, Tree-planting Day…
Foreign festivals: Christmas, Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, Easter, Valentine’s Day, April Fool’s Day, Ramadan, Day of the Dead (from Mexico), Bon Odori Festival/ Ghost Festival (from Japan) (盂兰盆节), Mardi Gras, Kwanzaa…
2. Read the following introductions of some famous foreign festivals.
Mardi Gras The America's most favorite celebration, and famous Mardi Gras takes place in New Orleans, Louisiana. Carnival has religious roots associated with Judeo-Christian tradition. Mardi Gras is set to occur 46 days (the 40 days of Lent plus six Sundays) before Easter and can come as early as February 3 or as late as March 9. Known as the “biggest free show on earth”, people there dress up in costumes for these events and enjoy this celebration by going to public parades where they catch “beads, doubloons, cups, and trinkets” that are all thrown from floats. They also have private celebrations, masquerade balls, held by clubs called krewes. The official colors of Carnival are purple, green and gold, chosen in 1872 by that year's Rex. The colors have meaning: purple for justice, green for faith and gold for power. King Cakes are eaten during this holiday.
Valentine’s Day February 14th, Valentine’s Day, is sweethearts’ day, on which people in love with each other express their tender emotions. People sometimes put their love message in a heart-shaped box of chocolates, or a bunch of flowers tied with red ribbons. Words or letters may be written on the flower covered card, or something else. Whatever the form may be, the message is almost the same -“ Will you be my valentine?” The symbol of valentine is a picture with a Heart and Cupid armed with bow and arrow. Many universities, high or elementary schools hold a sweethearts’ Ball for the young students to celebrate Valentine’s Day.
Bon Odori Festival (Ghost Festival) Japanese has been looking upon Ghost Day Ceremony originating in Buddhist Ullambana. These two festivals were not only public holidays with enthusiastic festivities but also times when people gave presents to each other and enhance amity between them. The custom of giving presents might root in the transfer from the kind-heartedness of giving alms to the concern for the living families and friends. The Japanese also hang lanterns on July 15 to lead the spirits back to the earthly world and have them enjoy grand banquet. It is like our custom of releasing water lanterns and firing lanterns. Besides, they hold a “pot” ceremony, called “pot-reciting”, which praises Buddhist sutras, singing and dancing, receiving the departed spirits and sending away the solitary ghosts. Today, there are various scales of “pot ceremony” all over Japan, which is kind of an amusement gathering. However, current Ghost Day Ceremony is not full of gloomy atmosphere in its form, remaining only enjoyable sentiment in spite of the existing original meaning.
Halloween 1,000 years ago, the Celts living in the Great Britain believed that human is mastered by gods. They also believe that Samhain, the death god, would come back to the earthly world with the dead at the night on October 31. The Celts built bonfires and fired animals as sacrificial offerings to the death god. Some Celts were dressed in costumes made from animal heads or furs, which was the origin of contemporary Halloween masquerade. The night of the death god was a horrifying time that signified the coming of winter and was the beginning of Halloween eve. Today, the religious meaning of Halloween has been weakened; instead, the holiday expresses man’s cherishing memory of Halloween via innovative, ever-changing modern masquerade.
Day of the Dead, Mexico On November 2nd, each house roasts bread of animal forms, broiling chicken, hot chocolate and sweet corns, plus laying some toys on the altar because Mexicans believe that the dead children will come back to their own homes in the midnight. The altar for the dead elder is stocked with belongings of the merriment as they do; therefore, their Ghost Festival is just like a carnival when people walk around with masks, eating skull-shaped candies. And even a ghost image is put on the bread. In the evening, the whole family goes to the cemetery and clears the grave. Women praise all night in kneeling or sitting position while men are talking or singing. The flickering midnight candlelight is filling up the cemetery whereas walking singers are chanting for the dead Spirits.
Easter Easter, with its religious character, falls on the first Sunday after the full moon that occurs on or after March 21st. Therefore, Easter happens sometimes in March, and sometimes in April. It commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the tomb where he had lain for three days following his Crucifixion. His rise after three days indicates that he would accomplish his promise to rise again from the dead as proof of eternal life. As Christ’s return to life had occurred during the season of spring, some of the rites of Spring were still retained. Therefore, we see that although Easter is based on the events in the life of Christ, it has been influenced by older traditions. For example, the custom of dyeing eggs is still very popular among American children. Originally the egg symbolized fertility for the ancient Persians and Greeks who exchanged eggs at their spring festivals. But up to the Christian time, the egg symbolized the tomb from which Christ rose. For Christian lamb is the symbol of the sacrifice of Christ and pig the symbol of good luck. That is why both in Europe and in America, people have lamb and ham as their main meat on Easter Sunday. In all the spring season, people enjoy the Easter message of hope, joy and the resurrection of spirit.
Thanksgiving Day Thanksgiving Day, which originated in America and was first celebrated in 1621 by the pilgrims of the Plymouth Colony, is the most typical and true national holiday of all the holidays observed in the United States of America. Because of the religious persecution by the established church in England, the pilgrims left their native land with the purpose of enjoying religious freedom. They first fled to Holland, and then sailed to America on a ship called the Mayflower. When they arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts, it was November, 1620. The first winter was very difficult for them and over half of them died because of hunger and illness, hard work and severely cold weather. In the spring of the next year, 1621, a friendly Indian named Squants, who had been captured and released by other English men, came to help them in planting the corn and fertilizing the soil. Then Squants brought the Indian chief called Massasoit who also treated them in a friendly way. With the help of the Indians, the pilgrims had a bumper harvest that year. They thought the harvest was a kind of deliverance by God, so they decided to have a day of celebration after their harvest to express their thanks to God. And they also invited the Indian chief Massasoit in gratitude and prepared a grand dinner out-doors. The celebration lasted for 3 days. On October 3rd, 1863, Lincoln issued the first National Thanksgiving Proclamation. Since then it has been the custom for the President of the United States to Proclaim annually the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day. The Thanksgiving dinner is mainly stuffed with roast turkey, squash and corn, pumpkin pie and Indian pudding a custard made from corn), etc. Today, American people have four days for this holiday, although the first Thanksgiving lasted three days. One is probably surprised to find the uniformity in the holiday scene of every family, wherever one goes in the United States. People go back home to enjoy the reunion of their family at the arrival of Thanksgiving Day.
Christmas Christmas Day, which is the greatest of the Christian festivals, falls on December 25th on which Christian people believe Jesus Christ was born, although no one can tell the exact date of his birth. This is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States, which is full of joy and gaiety, love and laughter, hospitality and good will. People usually have two weeks for this holiday. They begin to prepare Christmas long before the holiday comes. Small families and large business firms prepare the holiday differently. Stores are decorated with the traditional Christmas colors of green and red. Goods associated with Christmas become best sellers at this time. People like to decorate their stores and homes with Christmas tree, which is usually covered with strings of colored lights and a star fixed on top representing the star in the East which guided the three Wise Men to where Jesus was born. And Christmas food is special: peppermint-flavored red and white striped canes of sugar, bright colored hard sweets, chocolate bonbons, creamy homemade fudge and clusters of chocolate-covered raisins, walnuts or pecans, etc. On Christmas Eve families have a big dinner. Children hang their stockings by the fireplace, hoping that Santa Claus will fill them with sweets and toys.
Part 3: While-unit Activities: Five Separate Periods
Period 1: Warming up & Listening
Before having this period, the Students (Ss) are asked to collect information about the three festivals: Halloween, Bon Odori Festival, Day of the Dead.
Step 1 Lead-in
1. First, greet Ss with the questions “How are you feeling today?” “ Do you feel happy today?”
Then, Teacher (T) can lead in the topic festival/ holiday by asking some questions such as:
When do you usually feel happy? (Ss can give different answers)
Do you feel happy when there is a festival and you have holidays?
Then which festival or holiday do you like best? And why?
2. Chinese have many festivals. How many Chinese festivals do you know? And what are they?
( the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival (Yuanxiao), Tomb Sweeping Festival (Qingming), Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu), Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival (Chongyang), National Day, New Year’s Day, Chinese Youth Day, Party’s Day, Army’s Day, Teachers’ Day, Tree-planting Day…)
Which is the greatest and the most important festival to our Chinese people? When do Chinese celebrate the Spring Festival? How long does the Spring Festival last? Why do Chinese people celebrate it? What is the theme of the Spring Festival? How is it celebrated?
3.Different cultures have different kinds of customs and festivals. How many foreign festivals do you know? And what are they?
( Christmas, Halloween, Thanksgiving Day, Easter, Valentine’s Day, April Fool’s Day, Ramadan, Day of the Dead (from Mexico), Bon Odori Festival/ Ghost Festival (from Japan) (盂兰盆节), Mardi Gras, Kwanzaa…)
Step 2 Warming up
1. Show the Ss three pictures and ask them to discuss in pairs according to the following guiding questions:
Q1: Do you know the names of the festivals? (Halloween, Bon Odori, Day of the Dead)
Q2: Do you know which countries the festivals come from?
Q3: What are the people in the pictures doing? Why are they doing this?
2. Ask individual students to talk about the three festivals. The information of the festivals should include the name of the festival, when, where and how to celebrate it.
3. Which Chinese festival is similar to the three festivals? (Tomb Sweeping Festival)
Then get Ss to compare the Chinese Tomb Sweeping Festival with one of the three festivals. (Differences: time, people, place, the way of celebrating, etc. Similarity: ghost festival)
Step 3 Dialogue
Get Ss to work in pairs to make up a dialogue. One describes his/her favorite Chinese festival and the other describes his/her favorite foreign festival. Trying to compare them.
(The following form is presented for Ss to prepare.)
Festival
When is the festival celebrated?
Who celebrates the festival?
How do people celebrate it?
Why do people celebrate it?
What are some important themes, e.g.“family” and “peace”?
How old is the festival?
Step 4 Listening
1. Pre-listening: Present three pictures about Mardi Gras, Ramadan and Easter and let Ss to guess out the names of the festivals from what they can see from the pictures.
2. While-listening: Do the three festivals one by one. For each one, Ss can listen to it twice. The first time, Ss’ task is to find correct answers to the choices in the book. The second time, Ss’ task is to check their answers and T check the correct answers with the whole class.
3. Post-listening: Get Ss to listen to each festival again. While listening, try to take notes and get more information about the festival. Then ask Ss to describe the three festivals in their own words.
Step 5 Summary
Help Ss to have a revision of the festivals learnt in this class.
T: Different histories and cultures have different kinds of festivals and customs. We should get to know they all play important parts in learning a country’s language. We should respect and show positive attitudes towards foreign festivals and customs as well as Chinese ones.
Step 6 Homework
1. Listening work: Listen to the listening material about Christmas in workbook on page 77.
2. Written work: Write a description of your favorite festival. The description should include 1) the name 2) the time 3) characteristics 4) activities, etc.
Period 2: Reading
Step 1 Revision
Get Ss to work in pairs to ma tch the festivals in Column A with the information in Column B.
Column A Column B
1.Ramada A. celebrated on the 15th day of the
first Chinese lunar month
2.the Lantern Festival B. chocolate, bunnies, colored eggs for its
symbols
3.Mardi Gras C. Muslims fast during the daylight day
4.Dragon Boat Festival D. catching “beads, doubloons and cups”
thrown by parades
5.Valentine’s Day E. honoring love and lovers
6.Halloween F. eating Zongzi to honor Qu Yuan
7.Double Ninth Festival G. the time of ghosts, spirits, gravestones
8.Thanksgiving Day H. meaning clear and bright, mourning the dead
9.Easter I. offering thanks, family gatherings and meals
10.Tomb Sweeping Festival J. on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month as Senior
citizen’s Day
Step 2 Pre-reading
1. Make a comparison of Chinese Spring Festival and Christian
Christmas.
T: Which is the greatest and the most important festival to Chinese people? (the Spring Festival) And which is the greatest and the most important festival to Christian people in western countries? (Christmas)
Both of them are quite popular in the world. What are the differences between them?
Festival
Different
aspects
Chinese Spring Festival
Christmas
Time From the 1st day to the 15th day of the first Chinese lunar month
On Dec. 25
Preparation Do spring cleaning, do Spring Festival shopping (new clothes, delicious food, fireworks, New Year paintings, etc.), decorate the houses with Spring Festival couplets, paper cuts, Chinese knots… Do cleaning, do Christmas shopping (gifts, cards, sweet, cookies, etc.), decorate the houses with Christmas tree and colored lights…
Special Food New Year’s cake, dumpling ( jiaozi) , sweet dumpling (tangyuan)…
Candies, cookies, pudding…
Gifts
Anything (foods, fruits, clothes, drinks…)
Anything (foods, fruits, drinks, desserts, Christmas decorations)
Major Activities Have family reunion dinner on New Year’s Eve, pay New Year’s visits, recreational activities (dragon dance, lion dance, stilt-walking…)
Family reunion, have a big dinner on Christmas Eve…
purpose Bidding farewell to the old year and welcoming the new year, hoping for the best and the good future.
Celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ
Note: The italicized words in the form above are suggested answers.
Step 3 Reading
T: Do you know there is another festival which follows Christmas Day in America. It is an important festival to African Americans. Is there any one who knows the name of the festival? (Kwanzaa)
1. Fast reading: Read the text on page 10 fast and try to get a general idea of Kwanzaa from the text. T can present a diagram of the information about Kwanzaa to help Ss to finish this task.
(Questionnaire: When is Kwanzaa celebrated? How long does it last?
Who created the festival of Kwanzaa? (Dr Maulana Karenga) Who usually celebrates Kwanzaa? Why is it celebrated? What are the characteristics of Kwanzaa?)
2. Careful reading: Get Ss to read the text carefully to get more details. After reading, Ss are asked to do True or False exercises.
1) African Americans have a long history and a rich culture, so Kwanzaa is an old festival. ( F ) (a young festival)
2) People created Kwanzaa to celebrate American culture. ( F ) ( to celebrate African culture)
3) The word Kwanzaa means first fruit in Swahili, one of the largest languages in Africa. ( T )
4) The African first-fruit festivals are completely different from each other. ( F ) ( to have many things in common )
5) Kwanzaa is celebrated on Christmas Day. ( F ) ( from Dec. 26 to Jan. 1 )
6) Kwanzaa is based on old African festivals. ( T )
7) People who celebrate Kwanzaa light a candle for each of the seven principles. ( T )
3. Dialogue.
Suppose you are the reporter of Overseas Wind Programme of Huipu Students’ Broadcasting. Now you are chosen to interview the foreign teacher John about the festival of Kwanzaa. Make up a dialogue with your partner. One acts the role of the reporter, and the other acts the role of John. The dialogue can begin like this:
Reporter (R): Good afternoon, everyone. Here is our Overseas Wind Programme. Today, we have a foreign guest in our progamme. He is our foreign teacher John. Hello, John.
John (J): Hello.
R: Welcome to our Overseas Wind Programme. Today we have a topic about the festival of Kwanzaa. So would you like to introduce Kwanzaa to us? …
J: …
Step 4 Discussion
Topic1: Do you agree festivals can help us understand our history and culture? How do they help us understand our history and culture?
Topic2: Nowadays more and more festivals have been created in my cities for various purposes, such as developing local economy, making the city well-known, etc. Our city Linhai created the Festival of the Great Wall in the South. It has been celebrated for three years. However, some Linhainese think holding such a festival causes some problems to the city. What effects does the Festival of the Great Wall in the South bring to us? Make a list
Good Effects Bad Effects
… …
Step 5 Homework
1. Oral Work: Read and recite the new words learnt in this class.
Read and recite some beautiful and useful sentences in the text.
2. Written Work: Suppose you are the journalist of Huip
高一的课件【篇4】
教学目标：
1.了解希姆博尔斯卡的生平、创作风格和她的作品。
2.理解《底片》的内涵。
3.鉴赏这首诗的艺术手法。
教学中难点：
理解诗歌表达的思想内涵。
教学时间：
1课时。
教学过程：
一、作者简介：
希姆博尔斯卡，即维斯瓦娃·希姆博尔斯卡(Wislawa Szymborska)，1925年7月2日生于波兰波兹南省库尔尼克的布宁村。1931年举家迁居克拉科夫，从此希姆博尔斯卡就一直生活居住在克拉科夫。第二次世界大战期间，希姆博尔斯卡在地下秘密学校完成中学学业，随后在铁路部门工作。1945年波兰解放后，希姆博尔斯卡进入克拉科夫雅盖隆大学攻读波兰语言文学和社会学。同时开始写作，在《波兰日报》的青年副刊《斗争》上发表了她的第一首诗《寻找词句》(1945年)。1952年出版第一部诗集《我们为什么活着》，并于同年被吸收为波兰作家协会会员。
1953年成为《文学生活》周刊的编委，并主持该刊的诗歌部达20多年之久。
1954年出版了她的第二部诗集《询问自己》，并获当年的克拉科夫城市奖。
1956年以后，希姆博尔斯卡相继出版了诗集《呼唤雪人》(1957年)、《盐》(1962年)、《一百种乐趣)(1967年)、《任何情况》(1972年)、《巨大的数字》(1976年)、《桥上的人》(1986年)和《结束和开始》(1993年)。由于希姆博尔斯卡在诗歌创作上的杰出成就，她先后获得了波兰文化部颁发的国家文学二等奖(1963年)，德国的歌德奖(1991年)、赫尔德奖(1995年)。1995年波兹南的密茨凯维支大学还授予她“名誉博士”称号。1996年，希姆博尔斯卡荣获诺贝尔文学奖，授奖词中说她的诗歌“以精确的讽喻揭示了人类现实中若干方面的历史背景和生态规律”。诗人表示，她将把这笔奖金的一半以上用于发展波兰的医疗卫生和文化事业，这对波兰非常重要。
希姆博尔斯卡的诗歌创作可以分为前后两期，前期以《我们为什么活着》和《询问自己》为代表。在这个时期里，她的诗歌揭露了法西斯战争的残暴和罪行，热情歌颂了祖国波兰的复兴和建设。1956年以后，希姆博尔斯卡的诗歌创作进入一个新的阶段，无论是题材、主题，还是形式和风格都发生了较大的变化，呈现出多姿多彩的态势，想象力更为丰富，也更富于哲理性和思辨性。其诗歌主题大多涉及人的生存环境和人与历史的关系、人在历史上和自然环境中的位置等重要问题。自然和动物、科技和发明、爱情与婚姻、贫穷和富裕、欢乐与痛苦……都在她的诗歌中得到了反映。然而作者在描写这些客体时，并不带有强烈的感情色彩，又不完全采取超然的态度，她对所描写的主题既深切关注，又保持了一定的距离。而且往往被自嘲、幽默、讥讽等冲淡和掩盖。在表现手段上，希姆博尔斯卡喜欢采用提问和对话的方式去提出一些极富哲理性的问题，她的诗歌语言也极富个性，往往明白如话而又含义深奥，带有警句和格言的意味，令人回味无穷，从而使她成为波兰当今最杰出的一位女诗人。
希姆博尔斯卡多年来磨练出她独特的诗风，她的诗艺建立在二十世纪诗歌传统和人道主义主流的基础之上，但是，本着一种强烈的个人主义品格，她始终置身于时兴的哲学、美学、文化潮流之外。按张振辉先生的观点，她的诗歌主题有三：一是哲理的思辨，二是对宇宙世界和人类社会的看法，三是日常生活中的事物、情感、见闻，涉及爱情、亲情、友情、命运、时间、生与死、不同个性的人甚至生活中的琐事等等。?
希姆博尔斯卡的诗歌风格清晰、直白、细腻，有人认为属于古典主义。她是驾驭反讽和悖论的高手，她在诗中时常进行的幽默调侃让人难以相信出自女性之手;她早年的诗歌歌颂过法国大革命，歌颂过苏联军队，但很快便向理性的方向转变，转而对普遍意义上的人和世界的深沉思索;在讽世谕世的同时，她也表现了一种广泛的、真挚的爱;她也有深情的一面，只是这种深情由于往往用平实的语言写成，反而容易被人忽视。?
希姆博尔斯卡是一位谦逊的诗人，她认为了解诗人的生平对理解她的作品无所助益，研究诗歌必须从哲学和语言角度入手。所以她从不写自传，不喜欢接受采访，更不愿意向他人吐露私生活。有关她的个人资料公开的非常稀少，给我们的搜寻带来很大困难。
二、这首诗比较难理解，可以让小组讨论，通过学生的争论，从不同角度尝试理解诗的内涵，这是要达到的主要目的。学生很少见到底片的样子，可以用幻灯展示几幅底片，帮助学生理解底片中的形象与真实形象的不同。学生阅读，小组讨论以下问题：
1.《底片》中写了底片和其所反映的真实的事物在哪几个方面的对比?
2.《底片》通过这些对比表达了什么思想?
三、小组交流。老师组织学生按小组发言，小组之间可以争论。让学生了解不同的观点和分析方法。老师及时评价学生的发言，适时提出自己的看法。
1.作者对底片的影像做了准确的描述，指出了底片中的景物和人，她写到了天空、乌云、太阳、樱桃树、花和底片上的人。她特别注意到了底片和其所反映的真实的事物在几个方面的对比：
第一，黑白色的对比。真实世界是五颜六色的，反映到底片中只有黑白两色，这就产生了一种奇妙的效果，既真实又不真实。
第二，左右位置的互换。底片从正面看和反面看，它所反映的影像是一样的，但是左右刚好相反，而看底片的人很难知道哪一面是正确的。
第三，鬼魂与活人的对比。真实世界生动的人物到了底片中，感觉就像鬼魂一样。
2.诗的内涵的理解：
理解一：因为上述这些对比构成的奇妙的感觉，模糊了真实与虚假的界线，将内心的感觉与真实的世界融为一体，所以就有了问候和提问，这也可以看作自己向自己问候和提问。心灵的自我沉思借底片这一独特的客体找到了一种表达的方式。
理解二：是对生活真实性的怀疑。
理解三：现实生活是无法用一种形式准确反映的。
四、师生探讨：《底片》有哪些独特的艺术特点?
本诗的语言明白如话却含义深奥，令人回味无穷。
在表现方法上，本诗采用了白描、独白的方式。
在内容和形式、现象和本质、单一和多样等等方面形成了一种张力，因此富于哲理性和思辨性。
高一的课件【篇5】
Teaching aims :
Knowledge: amusement, attraction, divide, unlike, risk one’s life, fall though,
Be ready to do, race against, next to, space, combine…with…,
Entertain, seem, so…that…, scream one’s way etc.
Ability: 1. Enable the students to talk about entertainment places.
2. Enable the students to ask and give directions
3. Train the students’ listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities
Moral lesson: To develop the Ss’ feelings of loving life and this colorful world
Important points: a. To master the uses of some words and phrases
b. The-ing form -----used as Adverbial
Difficult points: a. How to ask and give directions
b. How to understand the texts quickly and well
Teaching methods: asking and answering, practicing, scan & skim reading
Teaching aids: a tape recorder, a blackboard and a slide projector
Teaching periods: 5 periods
The first period
Warming-up, listening and speaking
文化背景介绍
娱乐公园就是所有人工建成的娱乐性露天场所的总称。根据西方的发展情况，它可分为狭义娱乐公园、主题公园、传统公园和电车公园四类
狭义娱乐公园（Amusement Park ）---以缆车、竞技、美食为特征的娱乐设施，有的娱乐公园还有表演。
主题公园(Theme Park )--- 所有的缆车、吸引物、表演和建筑都围绕着一个或一组中心主题的娱乐公园。例如迪斯尼公园
传统公园(Traditional Park )---强调缆车游戏，而且没有给吸引物赋予主题的娱乐公园。
电车公园(Trolley Park )---以创建于19世纪末和20世纪初为代表的，由路面电车公司为了招揽周末业务而建造的娱乐公园。
Step I. Greetings
Step II. Lead- in
T: The summer vacation is coming. We’ll have time to have a good rest.
Maybe some of you will be take to travel. As is known to us, on the the beautiful parks that make this world full of fun are the places which tourists must visit. This unit we’ll learn sth about them. First let’s read the
New words and phrases in this unit.
Step III. Warming-up
T: Now please turn to page 64 to look at the four pictures in Warming-up
And answer the following questions:
Where were these pictures taken ?
What are the things in the pictures called ?
Have you tried any of these things?
Where did you try them ?
What other equipments can you find in these parks? 答案在板书中
If you haven’t, would you like to ? Why or why not ?
(Give the students several minutes to discuss then collect their answers )
Suggested answers:
Activity Reasons for liking it Reasons for disliking it
Roller coasters Exhilarating experience Awful
Bungee jumping Adventurous; exciting Causing injury
Free fall rides Stimulating Full of danger
Fast cars Giving great pleasure Feeling tense
Scary films Looking for thrills Frightening
Step IV Listening
T: Now look at the part of Listening. We are going to hear something about two parks. It will tell us the theme of each park and the reasons why they choose the park. I’ll play the tape three times.
For the first time, you just listen to get a general idea. Then listen to the
Tape a second time and do the exercise. At last you can check your answers when I play the tape recorder for the third time. Let’s begin.
Step V. Speaking
T: Look at the map on P65. And read the dialogue between Speaker A and B.
Then ask the students to make a similar asking-the-way dialogue in pairs
According to the map. ( After a while, the teacher asks some pairs to come to the front of the class and give their performances.)
Language points:
1. amusement
u.n 娱乐，消遣，兴趣 c. n 快乐的事，娱乐品，文娱活动
My chief amusement is fishing .
To our amusement, the teacher sang funny song in class
There are plenty of amusements here-cinemas, theatres, concerts and so on. (这里有许多娱乐项目，如电影、戏剧、音乐会等等。)
Games and sports should not be treated only as __________.
a. an amusement b. amusement c. amusements d. the amusement
补充： Amuse vt 使。。。发笑 / 逗。。。笑 amuse sb with sth
Amusing adj 令人发笑的，逗人笑 amused adj 感到可笑的
He often amuses us with humorous words.
What he said was so amusing.
We were amused by what he said.
(有同类用法的词在上一单元中已经介绍，这里就不罗嗦了)
2. theme一般指论文、演讲、音乐等的主题，也可指谈话等的题目、话 是正式用语
subject 是表达该含义的普通用词，用法范围较广
topic 指讲话、文章等的题目、话题或论题，（节、段）的主题，用法也较为广泛
Very few people can understand the theme of this kind of music
What’s the subject of this text?
Please find out the topic sentence in this passage.
3. attract vt 吸引、招引、引起、引诱
+ sb /sth / sb to sp
Bright colors attract children.
I tried to attract his attention, but failed .
What do you think attract so many visitors to the West Lake?
Attraction n 吸引、吸引力、吸引人的事物
The main attraction of the circus was a dancing bear .
4. get it在口语中用作不及物动词，可能表示“明白、理解”，“猜中”， 等义；
make it表示“及时到达”或“做成功某事”
catch it (因做错事而)挨骂、受责备、受罚、被打中
take it认为/ 假定/ 想象。。。
This is the whole story. Get it ? 这就是整个过程，明白吗？
You get it . 你猜中了。
I think we’ll just make it . 我认为我们会及时到达的。
It’s hard to make it to the top in show business .演艺行业要达到顶峰是
不容易的。
You’ll catch it if you’re not careful!你若不小心就会挨骂的。
He caught it right in the eye. 他的眼睛被打个正着
I take it that we are to discuss it with our head teacher. 我认为我们该。。
I can hardly take it that he could finish it in such a short time. 我几乎无法想象。。。
5. lead to 通向，通往/ 导致，招致
All the roads lead to Rome.
Hard work leads to success, while laziness leads to failure.
This street leads you to the station.
lead vt （1）引导，带领 They went out of the forest with a peacock leading the way .
（2）领导，率领 That general once led the Long March.
（3）使得，导致（某人做某事）What led you to believe it.
（4）（使）过某种生活 We are leading a busy life.
Lead by the nose 牵着鼻子走/ 完全控制某人
Lead off 开始/ 首先
Lead on 劝诱，哄（骗）
Lead up to 导致，打算（干什么）
Don’t let anybody lead you by the nose .
Who is going to lead off?
The salesman tried his best to lead people on to buy the goods.
What does he lead up to by doing this ?
Step VI. Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we’ve done some listening and speaking. We have also talked
About some equipments for pleasure in amusement park and practiced
Asking the way and giving directions, using the expressions on P66. After
Class, practise more dialogues about giving directions and preview the
Reading material “Theme Parks”. So much for today. Goodbye, everyone.
Blackboard Design
Unit 22The First Period Equipments for pleasure in the amusement park : roller coasters, racing cars, free for rides, bungee jumping, monorails, swings, shooting galleries, roundabouts, bumper cars and so on Language points : 1. amusement 2. got it ….
P.S. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
The Second and the third periods
Step I. Greetings
Step II. Lead-in
T: Yesterday we practiced giving directions and talked about some equipments for pleasure in an amusement park. Today we are going to read a passage. It is about some theme parks in the world. It will show you what you can do in each theme park. Do you know what is a theme park? Please read the text and the answer is just in it.
Questions for fast reading:
1. What is a theme park?
2. What theme parks are mentioned in the text?
(World Park, Ethnic Culture Park, Ocean Park, Disneyland, Universal studios )
Questions for scan reading.
1. How are the theme parks different from traditional amusement parks?
2. If I want to look at buildings, castles and statues from other countries,
Which theme park should I go? （头三道题答案均在第一段）
3. What can we see at the China Ethnic Culture Park?
4. Why do people go to the theme parks?（4。5。6。答案在第二段）
5. If I want to learn about life in the ocean, which theme park is best choice?
6. Where is Ocean Park? How many sections does it have? What are they?
What places can you go to at the lowland?
7. What’s the theme of Disneyland? What can meet in it ?
8. What’s the name of another big theme park in the US? At Universal, what are all the rides and activities based on?（7.8答案在第三段）
9. There are so many themes parks in the world. However, why new theme
Parks are still being built? What makes it possible for to experience almost anything without danger in these new theme parks? （最后一段）
The main idea for Each Paragraph.
Para1. The definition of theme park and introduction to some theme parks in China
Para2. Something about Ocean Park in Hong Kong
Para 3. Disneyland and the Universal Studios in US
Para 4. The reason why new theme parks are being built
Language points in the text.
1. unlike adj 不同的，相异的 The two flowers are quite unlike.
Prep 不像， 与。。。不同 Her baby is quite unlike her .
Unlikely adj 未必的， 不大可能的 She is unlikely to win the game .
不太真实可信的 That is an unlikely story.
Likely adj 很可能的 be likely to do= It is likely that…
2. teach sb sth （仅供参考）
A. + sb sth = + sth to sb
give , show , send , write, bring , offer, read , pass, lend ,
hand , tell , pay , throw, allow , wish , teach , promise , refuse etc
B. + sb sth = + sth for sb
make , buy , do , fetch, get, paint, save, etc
3. opportunity 强调是很恰当的机会
It’s a good opportunity for me to practise speaking English with them.
find/ make an opportunity of doing / to do…
have no/little / not much opportunity for doing / to do…
seize / miss an opportunity
take the opportunity of doing/ to do …(趁机会做某事)
chance 强调偶然性
Don’t give such a good chance to study abroad.
By chance 偶然地，意外地 I found that book by chance
Take a chance / take chances 冒险 They are taking chances.
By any chance 万一，碰巧If you, by any chance, come here , please tell me
Take one’s chance 碰运气，冒险 He went to California to take his chance .
4. divide / separate
separate 指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来，也可指“离别，分手” 多与from连用；它还有形容词词性，意为“单独的，各自的”
divide 指把整体“划分”或“分割”成若干份，多与into, among 连用
它还有“除(尽)”的意思
A. The Pacific separates Asia from America.
Please separate the white shirts from the colored ones .
We separated at the railway station.
The babies are sleeping on separate beds.
B . The mother divided the watermelon into eight parts.
The students are divided into five groups
He divided the cake among the children.
Three divides nine. / Six divided by 2 is 3.
5. explore vt . 控测； 勘探/ 探究，仔细探查
explorer n 探测者； 探究者
exploration n 探测，探究， 探查
exploratory adj 探查的，探测的
Scientists will explore the Arctic regions.
6. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the
Things they have seen their heroes do in the movies.
7. If you want to know what it feels like to fall through the air, take off in a rocket, fly a helicopter or fight alien creatures in outer space, visit one of the theme parks in your area
以上两句由于句子成分复杂，最好做一下句子成分的划分
Blackboard Design
Theme parks Questions: 1. What is a theme park ? 2. What theme parks are mentioned in the text?Language points: 1. amusement 2. opputunity 3. divide 4. explore ……. …….. …….
P.S. ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
The fourth period
Step I. Greetings
Step II. Revision
T: In the last period, we have learnt a passage about theme parks. Now let’s
Answer some questions. Please listen carefully.
1. Which park is China’s largest theme park ?
(The World Park )
2. What can you do at the World Park in China?
(We can look at buildings, castles and statues from more than 30 countries )
3. What’s the theme of the Disney parks ?
( The world of Walt Disney and his characters: Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and many others )
4. Which section of the Ocean Park in Hong Kong should you go to if
You want to learn about the giant dinosaur’s footprints?
(At the Lowland.)
Step III. Grammar
T: Now, please look at the two sentences on the blackboard.
( Bb: He stood there. He read a newspaper. ) How can we join these two
sentences into one? Who can do it ?
S1: It can be joined like this : He stood there and read a read a newspaper.
(The teacher writes it on the blackboard. )
T: That’s right. Sit down, please. We can also say:
He stood there, reading a newspaper. (Write it on the blackboard and
Mark it with (1))
(Bb: First he graduated from the college. Then he went to a factory. )
Who can join them into one sentence?
S2: Let me try. After he graduated from the college, he went to a factory.
(The teacher writes it on the blackboard. )
T: You are right. We can also say: having graduated form the college, he went
To a factory. (Write the sentence on the blackboard and mark it with (2))
Now pay attention to these two sentences marked with (1) and (2). In the
Second sentence, there are two actions. One is “graduated from the
College”, and the other is “went to a factory”. Which happened first?
S3: The action “ graduated from the college” happened first.
T: Right. Now let’s look at the first sentence. There are also two actions
Which happened first?
S4: In this sentence, two actions happened at the same time.
T: Very good. Attention, please. When two things happen at the same time, or
Almost at the same time in one sentence, we often use the following structure:
v-ing (phrase ), main clause/ or main clause, v. –ing (phrase ) 板书
While one thing happens first , the other happens later, we usually use the
Following structure:
Having done, main clause/ or main clause, having done . 板书
Ss: Yes.
T: Now look at the three sentences in the box in Grammar on Page 55. Can you
Say something about the actions in them ?
T: Good. Now look at Exercise 1 and Exercise 2 in Grammar. Rewrite these sentences using the -ing form, paying attention to which action happens first.
(After several minutes, check the answers )
Step V. Summary and Homework
T: Today, we’ve done some exercises about the- ing form used as adverb. In
This part, you should pay attention to the time when things happened.
After class you should practise more to master them better. Don’t forget
To prepare for the Integrating skills. OK. That’s all for today. Class is
Over.
Blackboard Design
The fourth period He stood there. He read a newspaper. ----○He stood there and read a newspaper.○He stood there, reading a newspaper. First he graduated from the college. Then he went to a factory.○After he graduated from the college, he went to a factory.○Having graduated from the college, he went to a factory.……. ….. …….
P.S. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
The fifth period
Live to Ride （为飞车而活）
Step I. Greetings.
Step II. Lead- in
In the text “Theme parks” we know something about the famous theme parks
Both in china and in US . From it we know that a theme park is a collection
Of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.
This class let’s see more about rides in these parks. Please look at the part of
Integrating skills
Step III. Reading.
Questions
1. For many visitors, what are the theme parks all about?
2. What are the differences between today rides and the early days of roller coasters?
3. What is another attraction found in many theme parks?
(Thrill ride. 动感电影)
4． What the difference between thrill ride and the roller coasters? Give a
example.
5. Where can thrill rides send you ? and what can you feel in them?
6. What’s the limit to the fun ? ( the imagination of the designers of the
thrill rides. )
Language points.
1. ready adj (1) 有准备的，准备好的（for ,with ）只作表语
Supper is ready.
If she ready for the trip?
Are you ready with your work ?
(2) 甘心的，愿意的，情愿的，乐意的（to ）
I’m always ready to help you .
Are you ready to go with me to Beijing.
(3) 易于。。。的，动辄就。。。
Don’t be so ready to quarrel.
(4) 迅速的，立刻的，即时的（只作定语）
Pay him ready money.给他现钱
I bought a set of ready-made clothes. 我买了套成衣
Adv 事先准备好地 Alice doesn’t buy food ready cooked .
艾丽丝不买熟食
2. go through
（1） 经历，通过He once went through much hardship.
The deal didn’t go through.
（2） 仔细检查，全面考虑/ 审查
They went through our luggage at the customs .
Let’s go through the arguments again.
（3） 搜查 The policeman is going through the pockets of the
thief
（4） 做完某事 Let’s go through the exercises.
Go through with 把。。。进行到底
He is determined to go through with the invention.
3. Scream one’s way 一路尖叫着
Feel one’s way 措索着走
Fight one’s way 奋勇前进
Lose one’s way 迷路
Make one’s way 取道前进
Force one’s way 挤着向前走
Wind one’s way 蜿延前进，曲折前进
Get one’s way 实现了愿望
Have one’s way 随心所欲
Homework: Review the words and expressions in Unit 22.
Finish all the exercises in it.
Blackboard Design
The fifth period Live to ride Language points:1. be ready to do 2. go through 3.scream one’s way …… …………...
P. S. __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
高一的课件【篇6】
教学重点：
①使学生掌握甲烷的结构式、甲烷的电子式和甲烷分子的正四面体结构;
②掌握甲烷的化学性质，了解有关实验的结论，了解取代反应;
③培养学生关心科学、研究科学和探索科学的精神。 教学难点：
从今天起，我们将学习有机化合物的知识。有机化合物与人类的生活有密切的关系，在衣、食、住、行、医疗、能源、材料、科学技术及工农业生产等领域中都起着重要作用。
在有机化学中我们将学习烃、烃的衍生物、糖类、油脂、蛋白质及合成材料等。
最早，人类只能从动植物体中取得一些有机物。后来，人类能通过非动植物体制取有机物。如今，人类不但可以合成自然界里已有的许多有机物，而且还能合成出自然界里原来没有的多种多样性能良好的有机物。
因二氧化碳、一氧化碳、碳酸盐及碳酸氢盐等具有无机化合物的性质，除二氧化碳、一氧化碳、碳酸盐及碳酸氢盐外，绝大多数含碳的化合物都是有机化合物。
目前，人类从自然界发现和人工合成的有机物已经超过二千万种，这个数字已远远超过无机化合物。
有机化合物种类和数目繁多的主要原因是碳原子的结构所决定的。 【新课】： §5-1 甲烷
通过全体学生的探究练习引入甲烷的结构。 [课堂探究练习1] 碳原子和氢原子的结构示意图。 答案：
[课堂探究练习2] 已知甲烷仅由碳、氢两种元素组成，其中质量分数C%=75%，H%=25%。请同学们推出甲烷的化学式。 解题过程：
因为C摩尔质量是12g/mol，H摩尔质量是1g/mol。
设取甲烷100g，则C的质量是100×75%=75g，H的质量是100×25%=25g
又因为碳原子有四个价电子，欲形成八个电子的稳定结构，需要形成四对共用电子对才能达到八个电子的稳定结构;氢原子核外有一个电子，欲形成两个电子的稳定结构，需要形成一对共用电子对才能达到两个电子的稳定结构。
[课堂探究练习3]已知甲烷的分子式为CH4，①写出甲烷的电子式;②经实验测定它是非极性分子。讨论分子里各原子在空间的分布情况?
①甲烷的电子式：
②讨论结果：可能有两种结构——平面正方形结构和正四面体结构，如图[合同范本网 36gh.com]
[总结]
经过科学实验证明甲烷分子的结构是正四面体结构，碳原子位于正四面体的中心，4个氢原
/子分别位于正四面体的4个顶点上(键角是109°28)。
物理性质：甲烷是无色、无臭的气体，密度是0.717g/L(标准状况)，极难溶于水。
甲烷是池沼底部产生的沼气和煤矿的坑道所产生的气体的主要成分。这些甲烷都是在隔绝空气的情况下，由植物残体经过微生物发酵的作用而生成的。
有些地方的地下深处蕴藏着大量叫做天然气的可燃气体，它的主要成分也是甲烷，按体积计算，天然气中一般约含有甲烷80%——97%。
通常情况下，甲烷稳定，如与强酸、强碱和强氧化剂等一般不发生化学反应。在特定条件下甲烷能与某些物质发生化学反应，如可以燃烧和发生取代反应等。
[实验]点燃甲烷，燃烧，火焰呈淡蓝色。分别用干燥的小烧杯和沾有澄清石灰水的小烧杯罩在火焰上，可以发现干燥的小烧杯内有无色液体生成，沾有澄清石灰水的小烧杯罩石灰水变浑浊。
[实验]把甲烷通入盛有酸性高锰酸钾溶液中，观察紫色的高锰酸钾溶液是否褪色?
从实验中可知溶液颜色没有变化，说明甲烷与高锰酸钾不发生反应。
[实验]取一个100mL的量筒，用排饱和食盐水的方法收集20mLCH4和Cl2，放在光亮的地方，日光不要直射，等待片刻，观察发生的现象。
[由现象讨论后得出结论]
现象：量筒壁上出现油滴，量筒内的液面上升，气体颜色略微变浅。
甲烷分子里的氢原子是被氯原子逐步取代的，共生成五种物质，四种取代产物。
有机物分子里的某些原子或原子团被其它原子或原子团所代替的反应叫做取代反应。
在常温下，一氯甲烷是气体，二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和四氯甲烷是液体，其中四氯甲烷又叫四氯化碳，三氯甲烷又叫氯仿，三氯甲烷和四氯甲烷是工业上重要的溶剂。
在隔绝空气的情况下，加热至1000C，甲烷分解生成炭黑和氢气。
氢气是合成氨和合成汽油等工业的原料;炭黑是橡胶和染料的工业原料。 【总结】[本节课的主要知识点] 【作业】——教材79页：
一、
物理性质：甲烷是无色、无臭的气体，密度是0.717g/L(标准状况)，极难溶于水。
化学性质：通常情况下，甲烷稳定，如与强酸、强碱和强氧化剂等一般不发生化学反应。在特定条件下甲烷能与某些物质发生化学反应，如可以燃烧和发生取代反应等。
高一的课件【篇7】
1、通过本课学习，使学生了解甲午中日战争的概况:日本发动战争的目的;为什么叫甲午中日战争;战争中的重要战役以及邓世昌的事迹。
2、通过教学使学生掌握《马关条约》的主要内容及其影响;台湾人民反抗日本殖民统治的英雄事迹等。
1、教师导学质疑，在演示课件的同时，通过启发和自主探究，引导学生运用史料分析问题，以此来提高学生思维能力;
2、通过引导比较《南京条约》和《马关条约》的内容，具体分析说明《马关条约》大大加深了中国半殖民地化的程度，从而培养学生综合分析问题能力。
1、通过本课学习，使学生对甲午中日战争的性质，中国战败的原因，马关条约的影响有正确认识，从而培养学生正确的历史观，增强历史责任感;
2、学习邓世昌等英勇反抗侵略，不怕牺牲的精神，认识抗击外来侵略，捍卫民族尊严是中华民族的优良传统，树立民族自尊心和自信心;
3、认识台湾自古以来就是我国领土不可分割的一部分，坚决维护国家统一。
黄海大战;《马关条约》的内容及其影响。
甲午中日战争的性质以及中国战败的原因;《马关条约》的影响。
(多媒体展示) “自古以来就是中国的领土”、“问题的由来”(教师简介)。“争端”说明近期中日关系趋于紧张。回顾近代历史，日本发动或参与的侵华战争就有三次。今天，我们就一起来学习日本对华第一次大规模的侵略战争——甲午中日战争。
(多媒体展示)要求学生总体上掌握日本发动战争的目的、经过和结果。 1、日本发动战争的目的以及战争名称的由来(多媒体展示)介绍日本的崛起——通过两幅漫画对比明治维新前后日本的变化。改革后的日本走上了资本主义道路，不仅摆脱了沦为半殖民地国家的命运，还走上了对外侵略扩张的道路。
(多媒体展示)日本对外扩张的“大陆政策”。由此引导学生探究出“日本发动战争的目的”——征服朝鲜、侵略中国、称霸世界。
教师介绍：1894年，夹在中日两国间的朝鲜爆发了东学党起义，朝鲜请求清政府“助剿”。处心积虑的日本找到了挑起战争的机会。1894年是旧历甲午年，所以称这次战争为“中日甲午战争”。
(多媒体展示)教师简介：1、黄海大战，致远舰管带邓世昌壮烈殉国;2、辽东半岛战役，日军制造旅顺大屠杀;3、威海卫战役，北洋舰队全军覆没。
(多媒体展示)学生阅读教材相应段落，了解黄海大战的经过，使学生深刻感受“此日漫挥天下雨，有公足壮海军威”，学习邓世昌等爱国官兵英勇反击侵略，不怕牺牲的精神，认识抗击外来侵略，捍卫民族尊严是中华民族的优良传统，树立民族自尊心和自信心。
(多媒体展示)黄海大战以后，清政府一味向敌人妥协，李鸿章为保存自己派系的实力，命令北洋舰队“保船避战”，躲进威海卫军港，不准巡海迎敌。这样，黄海制海权为日本舰队所控制，此后，中国遭到日军海陆两路的夹击。日军很快侵占辽东半岛。(教师指导)学生阅读教材“旅顺陷落，旅顺大屠杀”相关内容，揭露日军累累罪行。
(多媒体展示)讲述日军荣成湾登陆，海陆夹击威海卫——北洋舰队基地。结果，北洋舰队全军覆没。至此，清朝所谓“自强”“求富”的洋务运动画上了句号。
学生查阅教材回答：清政府战败，并和日本签订中国近代史上又一个不平等条约——《马关条约》。
(多媒体展示)教师小结：甲午中日战争的目的、起止时间、重要战役和结果。 (二)《马关条约》
时间：1895年4月 双方代表：李鸿章(中)伊藤博文(日) 地点：日本马关 2、《马关条约》的内容与影响(多媒体展示)
教师结合《马关条约》的主要内容，分析其对中国的影响：
第一、割地：割辽东半岛、台湾、澎湖列岛给日本;学生阅读教材关于“三国干涉还辽”内容，教师分析割地的影响：更严重的破坏了中国的主权和领土完整。
第二、赔款：赔偿日本军费白银二亿两;教师分析赔款的影响：巨额赔款加重了中国人民的负担，清政府大借外债，列强控制了中国的经济命脉。
第三、设厂：允许日本在中国开设工厂;教师分析设厂的影响：便利了帝国主义对中国的资本输出，严重阻碍了中华民族资本主义的发展。
第四、增辟通商口岸：开放沙市、重庆、苏州、杭州为商埠;教师分析增辟通商口岸的影响：列强侵略势力深入到中国内地。
教师通过引导学生比较这两个不平等条约，使学生进一步认识到：《马关条约》大大加深了中国半殖民地化程度。
4、甲午战后，帝国主义掀起瓜分中国狂潮，中华民族危机空前严重 (多媒体展示)《时局图》直观形象地展示帝国主义掀起瓜分中国的狂潮。 5、台湾人民抗击日本侵略者的斗争
(多媒体展示)徐骧领导台湾义军同刘永福的黑旗军在彰化、嘉义等地重创日军，后因奸细出卖，台湾终于全部沦陷。但是台湾人民在日殖民统治期间，争取回归祖国的斗争一刻也没有停止过。教师强调：台湾自古以来就是中国领土不可分割的一部分，“”言论是错误的，
我们要坚决维护祖国统一!
目的：日本为了征服朝鲜、侵略中国、称霸世界 甲 黄海大战 邓世昌
经过: 辽东半岛战役 旅顺大屠杀 日 战 威海卫战役 北洋舰队全军覆没
结果：清政府战败 签订《马关条约》 影响：大大加深中国半殖民地化程度 性质：日本挑起的侵略战争
自主探究二：甲午中日战争给予我们的教训与启迪是什么? 学生结合所学知识，合作探究。教师归纳总结(多媒体展示) 教训：落后就要挨打。
启迪：落后就要挨打，只有提高综合国力，才能屹立于世界民族之林。 结束寄语：
1、目的：征服朝鲜→侵略中国→称霸世界 2、起止时间：1894——1895
3、重要战役：黄海大战 、辽东半岛战役、威海卫战役 4、结果：清政府战败 签订《马关条约》 (二)《马关条约》
1、时间：1895年4月 代表：李鸿章(中) 伊藤博文(日) 地 点：日本马关2、内容：割地 赔款 设厂 增辟通商口岸 3、影响：大大加深了中国社会的半殖民地化的进程
高一的课件【篇8】
本教材属于苏教版高一语文必修三第二专题“号角，为你长鸣”的第一版块“烈士的抉择”中的内容。《学科教学指导意见》对本课教学的“基本要求”和“教学目标”是了解作者的写作目的，体会作者坚忍不拔的精神和忠贞不屈的爱国情怀。
1、知识目标：
①掌握文中常见的文言实词和虚词及基本句式。
②读并研习文本，了解文天祥的的写作目的，体会他的爱国情怀。
2、能力目标：
反复诵读，培养学生分析、理解、概括、鉴赏语段的能力。
①诵读、研讨课文感受文天祥至死不渝的爱国精神。
②促使学生在阅读中涵 养自身的浩 然正气和高尚的精神。
1、通过诵读、研讨课文感受文天祥至死不渝的爱国精神。
2、促使学生在阅读中涵养自身的浩然正气和高尚的精神。
3、归纳整理文中出现的重要实词、虚词。
学生在初中阶段已经学过文天祥的《过零丁洋》，对文天祥其人其事已有所了解并且已经具备初步理解文言文的能力。因此，本教学设计主要通过问题探讨的方式，来体会文天祥在作出选择时所表现出来的'爱 国情怀。
本课主要采用诵读法、练习法与讨论法。用诵读法使学生整体理解，反复体悟作者的以死报国之志，用练习法使学生掌握重点词句，用讨论法明确本文的写作特点。
利用多媒体展示。
新授课教学环节：预习检查、总结疑惑 →情境导入、展示目标→合作探究、精讲点拨→反思总结、当堂检测→发导学案、布置作业
【课前准备】 生自主预习课文，发放预习学案让学生提前了解文天祥事迹。
检查落实学生的预习情况并 了解学生的疑惑，使教学具有针对性。
用对联“正气贯人寰，河岳日星传万世；明禋崇庙观，丹心碧血照千秋。”引出文天祥其人其事；全体学生背诵初中已学过的《过零丁洋》：“辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。”（课件展示文天祥简介，略）
文天祥的诗歌，特别是他后期的诗歌，大多是叙述他抗元的战斗经历和表达他以死报国的决心，今天我们要讲读的这篇课文（板书课题、作者）就是文天祥为自己的诗集写的一篇序言。
已经布置的预习中要求阅读《宋史文丞相传》，检查学生的预习情况并让学生在预习中把疑惑找出来。
设计意图：不不导入，吸引学生的注意力，明确学习目标。
1．讲读第1自然段。
教师先列出问题(1)(2)（见下文），要求学生用课文原句回答，对重点词语用现代汉语作出解释；疑难的字词句可适当插问。例如：“修门”用了什么修辞方法；“莫知计所出”应如何串讲；“众谓一行为可以纾祸”应如何诵读等等。
明确：是在“时北兵已迫修门外，战、守、迁皆不及施”（当时元兵已迫近国都门外，出战、坚守、迁都全都来不及实施）的严重形势下出使北营的。
明确：心情是：“予不得爱身”（我不能只顾爱惜自己），即已抱定了为国捐躯的决心。其意图是：一方面“意北亦尚可以口舌动也”（估计元军方面还是可以用言语说动的），企图以外交手段来挽回败局；另一方面是“更欲一觇北，归而求救国之策”（更希望去观察一下元军的情况，回来后好寻求挽救国家的策略）。
小结段意：出使北营的背景、心情与意图；表达了作者在国事危急之际挺身自任的思想感情。
2．讲读第2自然段。
(1)提问：文天祥至北营大致经历了三个阶段，这三个阶段是怎样的？
明确：第一阶段是：“初至北营……北亦未敢遽轻吾国。”第二阶段是：“不幸吕师孟构恶于前，贾余庆献谄于后……予不得归矣。”（按：吕师孟叔侄先后投降元军，文天祥曾上书要求宋朝杀掉他们的亲属，因此和吕师孟结下了仇恨。“构”，造成、结成；“恶”，怨恨、仇恨。“构恶”，即“结仇”。贾余庆在德祐二年二月元军使者入临安城封府库之后，他以右丞相充“祈请使”出使元军，与元军合谋扣留文天祥。“献谄”，向敌人献媚，指合谋 扣留文天祥。这两个分句也可泽为：吕师孟以前和我有仇，贾余庆在背后（卖国）媚敌出卖我。）第三阶段是：“未几……北驱予并往，而不在使者之目。”
(2)提问：文天祥既然“分当引决”（按理应当自杀），为什么却又“隐忍以行”（暗中忍受着去了）？
高一的课件【篇9】
教学目标
1．根据文体特点和语言特色进行诵读。
2．在反复诵读中体会烛之武对国家强烈的责任意识。
句义的基础上，体会烛之武的游说艺术。
停顿、语气语调、表情达意等方面总结文言文诵读方法并在诵读中体验。
教学预设
一、引入
ppt:春秋无义战”
2.生读注释，解释“传”的含义。
二、诵读
1.大家都感觉文言文学习很困难，今天老师给大家一把解决这个问题的钥匙，那就是：诵读法。
ppt:“先之以高声朗诵，以昌其气；继之以密咏恬吟，以玩其味。二者并进，使古人之声调拂拂然若与我喉舌相习。”——曾国藩《家训》
2.师引起开头段，开头主要是交代背景，叙述语句的朗读中速，语调平缓，若一位老者在向你娓娓的叙述那段历史。
生齐读：（教师点评，从字音、句读、情感上引导）。
3.检查文言词语落实
ppt 越国以鄙远、共其乏困、既东封郑、阙秦以利晋
行李、夫人
3.特殊句式：夫晋，何厌之有？
重点引导：“封”甲骨文封字，像用手培土植树的样子，其本义为培土植树，又有聚土成坟的意思，引申为堆、冢之义。古人封土植树的目的是为了划分田界和疆域，所以封字还有疆界、界域之义。古代帝王把土地或爵位赐给臣子就叫做封，而诸侯或大夫所分得的土地就称为封地、封邑。
4.体味语气
（１）比较阅读：删去 “虚词”
（２）生反复自由读，特别要读出“虚词”的味道。
（
参考交流：
佚之狐：“矣”（心情沉重）“必”（ 坚定、胸有成竹）
郑伯：“也”（ 心平气和、引咎自责、情真意切）“然”“焉”（语意转折，以情感人）
烛之武：“犹”“矣”“也”（壮志未酬的伤感、无奈、委屈、牢骚）
（４）在学生表达基础上，教师可作点拨。
（５）分角色读。
三、品读
明确：危在旦夕，国运悬于一线。依据：
“围郑”“晋军函陵，秦军氾南”“夜缒而出”（解释“缒”义）——进一步说明了郑国形势之严重。秦、晋已完全包围了郑国，连城门也打不开了。从侧面衬托烛之武这一形象，突出他的勇敢。
2.大军兵临城下，郑国危若累卵。受命于危难之际的烛之武，不费一兵一卒，不动一刀一枪，却使秦晋盟散约毁。那么，请问：那么烛之武是怎样劝退了秦军的呢？
ppT 烛之武（）退秦师，在（）加上一个词或短语。
勇退、智退……（板书）
”。请你结合具体词句加以印证。
4.示范品读：秦晋围郑，郑既知亡矣。若亡郑而有益于君，敢以烦执事？
先由学生表达，教师适时补充。
ppT批注：（前面的叙述都是先说普，后说秦，而这里，说成“秦晋围郑”， 让秦伯充当郑国命运主宰者的角色，含有对秦伯的恭维之意。（ “若”一词言外之意是：“亡郑”于你并无益处。这是以退为进
板书：以退为进措辞委婉
5.布置学生自主学习任务，老师到学生中间去，随时解答学生问题。
6.交流：
（1）越国以鄙远，君知其难也。焉用亡郑以陪邻？邻之厚，君之薄也。若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。
批注（攻郑与友郑的利弊对举，是以利益引诱秦伯了。（君知其难也”，替秦伯作了仔细的盘算，用语熨帖，令人心服。
板书：利弊对举 利益引诱
（瑕，朝济而夕设版焉，君之所知也。夫晋，何厌之有？既东封郑，又欲肆其西封，若不阙秦，将焉取之？阙秦以利晋，唯君图之。
批注：（“且”：况且，递进关系，层层递进，“而”：表承接，强调时间之快，揭示晋的虚伪面目（也可以理解为“转折”）。（“既……又……”“肆”强调了晋的贪得无厌，唯：句首语气词，表示希望，诚恳地提请秦伯定夺。
板书：引史为鉴 层层递进 揭示虚伪
小结：刚才同学们都对文本做了自己的解读，初步感悟了说辞的魅力。烛之武精妙的说辞和周密的言语策略语惊四座、言震天下，真可谓“一言之辩胜于九鼎之宝，三寸之舌强于百万之师。”我们来看看古人的评点。清金圣叹说：“妙在其辞愈委婉，其说愈晓畅。”清林云铭评论说：“烛之武为国起见，说秦之词，句句悚动，有回天之力，其中无限层折，犹短兵接战，不虑秦伯不落其彀（gòu）中也。”
当然，无论说辞多么精妙，无论言语策略多么周密，这一切都必须建立在实情至理的基础上，惟有如此，才能使说辞具有更强的说服力，这一点，《烛之武退秦师》为我们提供了一个很好的典范。（板书：至情至理）
7.朗读指导，生齐读。
四、结语
著名的中语特级教师韩军说过：没有文言，我们找不到回家的路。我们的传统文化我们了解不了，更谈不上继承我们的文化传统并把它发扬光大。他强调中学生一定要多学一些文言文。对此我深信不疑。作为一名中国人，最主要的不是因为我们具有中国籍，更重要的是我们肩负着中国的文化传承的使命，这包括继承我们传统的优秀文化，开拓我们崭新的未来文化。
教学反思
在当前的中学语文课堂教学中，文言文教学如烫手的山芋，摸涅不得。因为在文言文中承载着比较多的内容，有语言文字，也有人文的，要想在一堂课内很好的完成这些任务比较困难，而且有两个问题必须引起重视：一是教师习惯于越“文”讲“言”，强调各种古汉语语法规律，以为总结种种规律便能多快好省的学好文言文，忽视了对教学内容的审美观照；二是学生诵读感悟文本的时间被教师疏解文言字词句所挤占了。由于课堂教学“文”与“言”不能兼顾，以致教学效果严重削弱，这对培养学生的语文素养极为不利。
有鉴于上述情况，如何实施文言文教学呢？我认为文言文教学既要教“言”，也要教“文”，言文兼顾。首先要注重文言文语言教学，着力于必要的文字梳解、语言品味，走出了“重文轻言”的误区；其次要促进学生积淀民族优秀文化，要探究语言文字中的文化信息，挖掘教材文本中的文化因素并实现教学实施中的文化传递，走出“有言无文”的误区；最后要重视反复诵读，模仿练读，想象品读，实现 “文”“言”融合”。我认为张必锟先生提出的“一个转变”和“一个转移”是行之有效的方法。“一个转变”是课堂教学要从教师讲解为主转变为以学生练习诵读为主；“一个转移”是把立足点从讲翻译、谈语法转移到指导学生诵读上来。通过诵读以“文”引言，以言带文，实现“文”“言”两个要素的交融合一。海仙师姐评价我的上课风格是“男人天生的大气和女人自然地细腻”，这或许就是我在文言文教学中所要追求的。
当课堂进入品味烛之武最精彩的劝辞环节时，教室里的空气凝滞了。在试讲的几节课中都在这时出现问题。这是为什么呢？我曾经有过很多改变的策略：小组合作交流、标注关键词，教师引导示范批注但这些做法基本是徒劳。华为师兄的一席话让我惊醒：“教什么呢？指导意见说得很清楚，在朗读中品味劝辞的魅力，因声求气是这一课要教的重点。品味不是本课的教学内容”是呀，我居然没有明白编者把这篇文章放在此处的意图，连教的内容都有问题，还谈什么课堂效率呢？“因声求气”“以读带言”，朗读才是实现文言交融的最佳途径，如此精彩的劝辞脱离了朗读，理性的品析显得多么的枯燥乏味呀！
师傅以他丰富的教学经验指出文言文的处理要做到“文与言的相融相生，文与言的并举”可以用“以文率言”“以言悟文”“因气求声”“以读带文”四种有效的方式。对于师傅的教诲我们要“牢记在脑海里，融化在血液里，落实在行动中”。
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